Orientation
What countries are these features in?
Caspian Sea
largest non-ocean body of water in the world
what about lake titicaca?
Aral Sea
shrinking into oblivion
Tien Shan mountains
Gobi Desert
Hindu Kush mountains
Himalayan Mountains
There's no coastline here.
There are many largerish deserts smaller than Gobi
Introduction
Borat is from the glorious nation of Kazakhstan
Physical and Political
Physical
Very low population density
Political
Breakup of the Soviet Union
Azerbaijan
Naxcivan
Turkmenistan
Tajikistan
Uzbekistan
Some Exclaves exist in Kyrgystan
Fergana Valley
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
-Stan
comes from the ancient persian meaning place of <people>
means land or region, sometimes nation
Not always
Karakalpakstan in the state of Uzbekistan
Other
Mongolia
Xinjiang - China
Tibet
Nei Mongol
Qinghai
Culture
Religion
Islam
Buddhism
Pastoralism
Animal Husbandry
As opposed to Hunting and Gather
As opposed to Agriculture
Identity is complicated
Russian is lingua franca language tho
What the hell are we????!?!?
Political instability is commonplace
Afghanistan
United States: Connection and War
People's Democratic Party of Afganistan
April 1978: Military Soviet Coup
Afghan War
Dec 1979 - Feb 1989
Mujahideen
Fought the roosks for Independence
Operation Cyclone
CIA trained, armed, and funded
Bankroll like a motherfucker
Started by Mr. Jimmy Carter
Endorsed by Ronald Reagan
Guess who was a Deen? Osama.
Al Qaeda's seed dollars came from CIA money
1996
Taliban Government takeover of Afghan government
Mullah Omar takes over
September 7, 2001
Afghan War begins
Longest Standing War in American History
Buddhism
Teachings of Siddhartha Gautama: "The Buddha"
Is it a religion?
no creation myth
no plan of where to go
no plan of where we came from
Northeastern "India"
400-600 BCE
Four Nobel Truths
Life is Suffering
But Suffering has a Cause
Craving
Desire
Wanting
Enlightenment
The end of suffering
Follow the Buddha to end Suffering
Nirvana
Karma / Reincarnation
Karma is punishment of the soul
Reincarnation is the result of punishment / nirvana of the soul
Tibet
Conflicts with Chinese Dynasties
Tibet claimed independence after last dynasty's fall at the turn of the last century
1949
China unified under Mao
Tibet officially taken by communist China
1959
Tibet is invaded by China
Dalai Lama / Dalai Lamas
Dalai Lama bugs out
Dalai Lama is a religious leader of Tibetan Buddhism
14th Dalai Lama
Technically
Tibet is an "autonomous region" meaning "subjugated state"
The tibetan people are nationally chinese, but without an ethnic state
Current Event
52nd anniversary of China's invasion of Tibet
Dalai Lama retired as leader of Tibetan-Gov-In-Exile
Today
Dalai Lama has addressed Tibetan-Assembly-In-Exile