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Classical Art

1. Greece

   1. Greek Classical Art

      1. Artists exploring the contradictions

      2. Peak of Human Achievement and Pit of Human Savagery

      3. Greek Statues were colored.

      4. Pergamon - Violence

         1. Artistic Creation appears

         2. Brought to Turkey by Alexander

      5. Rapid Development of Style

      6. Individual Sculpture and Democracy

         1. Active in Bronze and Clay

         2. 5th Century BC

      7. Acropolis

         1. Pericles rebuilds after the Persian War

         2. Parthenon

            1. Probably the greatest building ever built

            2. Athena's statue in the Parthenon was 40 feet tall

            3. The Parthenon Friezes were also brightly colored.

            4. The Pediments were realist

            5. The Pantheon is the real departure.

               1. Focus on interior

      8. Hallmark of Classical Sculpture

         1. No Emotion on the Face

         2. Zeus in Bronze

         3. Rational

      9. Hallmark of Alexanderian

         1. Great Emotion on the Face

         2. Agony at Pergamon

         3. Irrational

   2. Careful Historical Context

      1. Greek Classical Society

         1. Imperialists

         2. Women no rights

         3. Slavery

      2. Small, Independent, Communities.

      3. Kritias

         1. Naked Man

            1. Man is Measure of all Things

         2. Stands Strong

         3. No Back-Pillar

         4. Walk forward in three dimensional space

         5. Youthful Ideal

         6. Heroic

         7. Kouros

         8. 490 BC

      4. Female Emblems

         1. Clothed rather than Naked

         2. Demure rather than Heroic

         3. Kore

      5. These Statues of the same young person, they were substitutes for human sacrifices

      6. Athens appeared to the other city-states domineering and arrogant.

   3. The Root of the Western Tradition

      1. Classicalism

      2. Architecture

      3. Painting

      4. Drawing

      5. Writing

      6. Sculpture

   4. Roman Conquering

      1. 2nd Century AD

      2. But Forever in Greece's debt.

      3. The Romans take the Greek Visual Language

2. Rome

   1. Influence

      1. Rome is one of the greatest influences on western influences

      2. Roman Law

      3. Roman Society

      4. Roman Statecraft

      5. Engineering

      6. Town Planning

      7. Christianity

   2. Trademark

      1. Augustan Temple to Peace

         1. Order

         2. Prosperity

         3. Ara Pacis

      2. Trajan's Dacian Column

         1. Force is the Roman deal

         2. Victory Column

   3. Ancient Architecture

      1. Post and Lintel

         1. Greek

      2. The Arch

         1. Rome

         2. Gradeur

         3. Nobilitiy

         4. New Building Material

            1. Concrete

            2. It existed before, but Roman Concrete dries slowly

            3. Revolution in Western Architecture

         5. Arch Effects on Interiors

            1. The Arch form in space creates a barrel vault

            2. Curving the arch, a ring vault

            3. Two barrel vaults at a cross create groin vault

            4. Rotate Vault, Dome

            5. Half Rotate, Asp

         6. The Colosseum

            1. Arena

               1. Latin for sand on the wood floor of the Colosseum

            2. Concrete, Stone, and Wood

            3. Technically the Flavian Ampitheater

            4. Huge Statue of Nero used to stand outside

         7. The Pantheon

            1. Not the basic instincts

               1. The gods of faith

            2. Archeologists found makers marks on bricks

            3. Hadrian built the real Pantheon

            4. Romans favored Corinthian

            5. Columns from single pieces of Egyptian Granite

            6. Worlds largest dome for 18 centuries

            7. Grand Interiors

            8. In the 5th century, the Barbarians were shocked by it's beauty into not pillaging it

            9. The Paradox of the Pantheon

               1. Space is defined by Architecture right?

               2. No, Architecture is defined by Space

               3. Perfect Form: Sphere

                  1. No Beginning

                  2. No End

   4. Late Roman Art

      1. Constatine's individuals are static

      2. The dynamicism of Old Art is gone.

      3. Christianity

         1. The God of the Sky holds up heaven

         2. Christ wears the robe of a Greek Philosopher

         3. Christ is depicted as Apolline

      4. Basilica

         1. Model of Christian Churches

         2. Rectangle with Asp

         3. Basillicas were just basic assembly halls

         4. Oldest Standing Basillica Julia built by Caesar

3. Reason on Passion