XMind

Australia and Oceania

1. When Television came to Fiji: cultural impact

   1. Satellite Television introduced in 1995

      1. Study

         1. 1995-1998

         2. Studying the effect of TV

            1. Inducing vomiting to control weight

               1. 3% to 15%

            2. Risk Factors for Eating Disorders

               1. 13% to 29%

            3. Women reporting dieting

               1. 0 % to 69%

         3. These respondents specifically referenced TV shows in response to these questions :(

      2. Effect vs. Cultivation

         1. research generally doesn't look into effect

         2. because TV has no before condition in America

         3. cultivation is studied in America

            1. what one does because of it

      3. Fiji has been integrated for a long time by tourism

2. European and American Presence: A New Religion in Oceania

   1. Cargo Cults

      1. In English, it has a negative connotation

      2. but Cult here means a New Religious Movement with neutral connotation

      3. Cult also alliterates and that's always fun

      4. Definition

         1. Religious movements, mostly in Melanesia, arising from interaction with outside visitors bearing equipment and supplies (cargo) which is believed to return to save the locals

      5. Most cargo cults died out

      6. The John Frum Religion is still strong

         1. Vanuatu

            1. Island of Tanna

               1. Who is John Frum?

                  1. Local myth: man appeared one night in the 1930s white man who spoke their language and lived in the cone of a Volcano.

                     1. Yasur (volcano)

                  2. John Frum came to the island to rescue them from Missionaries and Colonial Officials

                     1. Kastom Life

                        1. Pidgin word

                        2. Means Traditional Ways

                  3. Colonial Officials were upset that John Frum told them to stop cooperating with the Colonials

                     1. 1941

                        1. Put the leaders in Jail

                     2. World War 2

                        1. John Frum Reappears

                        2. Promises he would return to Tanna with the Cargo!

                        3. Dressing in all white Navy uniform

                        4. So they change the story he lives part time in Yasur and America

                  4. February 15, John Frum Day

                  5. "John promised he'll bring planeloads and shiploads of Cargo if we pray to him"

                  6. John is better than Jesus

                  7. The whole religion comes from the connection between American goods and this local regional place

                     1. Religion based on Globalization

                     2. Cultural Syncretism

                        1. "I'm Christian, but John is in my heart"

                  8. Every Friday, they meet in the village and wait for John Frum to religion

         2. New Hebrides

         3. Colonized by Brits and French

         4. Independent in 1980

         5. "South Pacific" musical written about this island

   2. Pascal Voyeur

      1. explains the psychological function of Religion

      2. "Religion Explained"

      3. Dinner at Cambridge University

         1. Voyeur explains Religion of Cameroon

         2. Theologian says that is the difficulty of Anthro that it must explain why people believe such nonsense.

            1. ethnocentrism?

            2. not in my religion!

3. Island Fishermen and Major League Baseball Players

   1. Behavior of Trobriand Island Fishermen

      1. Kirawana Island

      2. Article: Baseball Magic

      3. Radislaw Melanowski was exiled to Triobriand and decided to study

         1. early teens of 20th century

      4. Magic Rituals of the Triobriand islanders

         1. Lagoon Fishing

            1. no magic

            2. controlled safe

         2. Open-sea fishing

            1. magic

            2. uncontrolled

            3. dangerous

               1. predator fish

               2. waves

               3. currents

   2. Behavior of Major League Baseball Players

      1. Rituals

         1. Use of routines to control outcomes that have no connections to the behavior

         2. wake up at same time every day

         3. leave the same time every day

         4. wear same clothing repeatedly

         5. touch same item every day

         6. listen to a certain song every day

         7. eat same food every day

         8. shave arms every game day

         9. put a cheese sandwich in his back pocket

      2. Taboos

         1. Opposite of Rituals

         2. Never eat pancakes on game day

         3. Jinx

            1. If you talk about it, the outcome will be problematic

      3. Fetishes

         1. Charms or Objects that embody supernatural power to protect or help

         2. one player kept a certain rock with him

         3. all the players touched the saint bernard's head before every game

         4. Keep the same number

   3. Direct Relationship

      1. More Control you feel over your performance

      2. Less likely you are to use rituals, taboos, and fetishes to contorl the outcome

   1. Pitching allows the least amount of control

   2. Hitting Also has low control