XMind

Philosophers

1. Ancient

   1. Pre-Socratic

      1. Milesian

         1. Thales

         2. Anaximander

         3. Anaximenes

      2. Pythagoreans

         1. Pythagoras

         2. Philolaus

         3. Alcmaeon

         4. Archytas

      3. Heraclitus

      4. Eleatic School

         1. Xenophanes

         2. Parmenides

         3. Zeno of Elea

         4. Melissus of Samos

      5. Pluralists

         1. Empedocles

         2. Anaxagoras

      6. Atomists

         1. Leucippus

         2. Democrates

         3. Metrodorus

      7. Pherecydes

      8. Sophists

         1. Gorgias

         2. Protagoras

         3. Antiphon

         4. Prodicus

         5. Hippias

         6. Thrasymachus

         7. Callicles

         8. Critias

         9. Lycophron

      9. Diogenes

   2. Hellenistic

      1. Metrodorus the Younger

      2. Arcesilaus

      3. Archimedes

      4. Clitomachus

      5. Peripateticism

         1. Theophrastus

         2. Strato

         3. Alexander of Aphrodisias

      6. Cyrenaicism

         1. Aristippus of Cyrene

      7. Epicureanism

         1. Epicurus

         2. Metrodorus of Stratonicea

         3. Zeno of Sidon

         4. Philodemus

         5. Lucretius

      8. Stoicism

         1. Zeno of Citium

         2. Chrysippus

         3. Posidonius

         4. Cleanthes

         5. Epictetus

      9. Neo-Pythagoreanism

         1. Apollonius of Tyana

         2. Numenius of Apamea

      10. Neo-Platonism

          1. Plotinus

          2. Porphyry

          3. Iamblichus of Chalcis

      11. Pyrrhonism

          1. Pyrrho

          2. Aenesidemus

          3. Timon

      12. Cynicism

          1. Antisthenes

          2. Diogenes of Sinope

          3. Menippus

          4. Crates of Thebes

          5. Demetrius

      13. Philo of Larissa

      14. Philo of Alexandria

      15. Agrippa

      16. Platonism

          1. Speusippus

          2. Carneades

          3. Antiochus of Ascalon

          4. Xenocrates

          5. Plutarch

   3. Classical Greek

      1. Socrates

      2. Euclid of Megara

      3. Plato

      4. Aristotle

      5. Stilpo

2. Medieval

   1. Augustine

   2. Boethius

   3. John Scottus Eriugena

   4. Maimonides

   5. Roger Bacon

   6. Anselm of Canterbury

   7. Peter Abelard

   8. Thomas Aquinas

   9. John Duns Scotus

   10. William of Ockham

3. Renaissance

   1. Mirandola

   2. Erasmus

   3. Machiavelli

   4. Thomas More

   5. Paracelsus

   6. Copernicus

   7. Montaigne

4. Early Modern

   1. Francis Bacon

   2. Rene Descartes

   3. Hobbes

   4. Henry More

   5. Arnauld

   6. Malebranche

   7. Benedict Spinoza

   8. Lady Anne Conway

   9. John Locke

   10. Gottfried Leibniz

   11. Berkekey

   12. Wolff

   13. Rousseau

   14. Immanual Kant

   15. Bentham

   16. Schiller

   17. Malthus

   18. Fichte

5. 19th Century

6. Contemporary