XMind

Clay Shirky

"Here Comes Everybody" At the Berkman Center

1. Early Internet

   1. Files & Remote accessing of computers

   2. E-mail afterthought

      1. Ported over from MIT

      2. 3 Months later, e-mail consitutes 75% of Internet backbone

      3. The kicker was the "Reply All" button

2. Social Internet

   1. Group Capabilities possible for a while

   2. Groups are conservative -- it needs to be available to everyone

      1. It's when technology becomes boring that the social effects become interesting

   3. When does the group effect become greater than the aggregated individual actions?

      1. A Ladder is Required

         1. Sharing

            1. Examples

               1. Delicious

                  1. Three Unites

                     1. URLs

                     2. Users

                     3. Tags

                  2. Reverses the old order of sharing

                     1. Use to be "Congregate" and then "Share"

                     2. Now you "Share" and then "Aggregate"

               2. Flickr

         2. Conversation

            1. Sharing becomes the platform for coordination instead of reverse

               1. Communities of Practice

                  1. People started posting High Dynamic Range photographs on Flickr

                     You take numerous photos of the same scene at different exposures, then combine them with the most striking aspects of each coming out.

                  2. People started seeing the photos posted on Flirkr and asked, "How did you do that?"

                  3. Photographers so pleased to be noticed and asked would create amazing tutorials.

               2. Every URL is a latent community

         3. Collaboration

            1. Aegisub (Anime Fan Sub)

               1. Started writing software for themselves that would subtitle Japanese Anime that they thought should be available in the U.S.

               2. Required team work because it required specialization

               3. Fixing a market failure

               4. When Anime owner started doing their own dubbing, Aegisub took theirs down.

               5. Anime Market has opened up

            2. Need to fix something

         4. Collective Action

            1. Story One

               1. NWA

                  1. 1999 NWA Plane lands in Detroit without a Gate, landed 2:45PM

                  2. finally a passengert calls 911 to get the CEO of the company

                  3. Passenger is called up by the pilot -- expecting to be disciplined.

                  4. "Give me the number"

                     1. Pilot calls CEO

                     2. Finall get into a gate 9:30PM

                  5. Media has a field day

                     1. Nothing happens

               2. AA

                  1. Another Plane landed in Dallas (AA)

                  2. Run out of food, toilet is backed up

                  3. Eight hours later, they get the gate

                  4. New York state writes a passenger's bill of rights -- with three major airports

                     "N.Y. is first state to OK a 'Fliers' bill of rights"

                     1. What was different

                        1. Kate Hanni, real estate agent is pissed

                        2. Goes home and starts researching similar situation

                        3. she starts to comment on the stories

                        4. At the end of her comments she adds, if you were on this flight, contact me.

                        5. After a few days she's setting up a coalition of fliers rights.

                        6. With a petition

                        7. Congress watered it down, but not in NY State

               3. Publishing is for acting...

            2. Story Two (Flash Mobs)

               Emails or social networks to mass of people to "Let's all meet here and do this."

               1. Mocking Collaborative Gatherings in New York & other cities

                  1. The intent was to prove that today's networked hipsters could be convinced to do anything just to shock the bourgeoisie

               2. Black clad police comes out and drags the kids out of the streets

                  1. It had been made illegal to meet in groups in October Square

                  2. Became a successful tool for protest because the communication was happening via the network

                  3. The Regime couldn't stop the protests, because the groups formed in the square. When protesters entered, they were alone individuals. But they came to gather, because of the networks...

                  4. Plus practice was recorded because the students had cameras

               3. What does this mean?

                  1. Tools used for entertainment in high freedom environment

                  2. Tools are seriously innovatively used in low freedom environment

            3. Story Three

               1. 2004 in Pelarmo Italy

                  1. Stickers posted saying that "People who pay money to mafia is without dignity"

                  2. Set up a web site where businesses can stand up in mass and say we won't pay.

                  3. The people most effected was the people of Pelarmo

                     1. They started only patronizing businesses that promised not to pay

1. Not happening regularly yet!